Wellness 6 min read 2150 reads

Vitamin D Deficiency: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

Up to 7 in 10 urban Indians are low in Vitamin D. Learn the signs, who's at risk, and how a simple blood test confirms it.

Dr. A. Sharma

MD, Internal Medicine

Medically reviewed by

Dr. R. Iyer

Published Jul 22, 2026

Updated Jul 28, 2026

What is Vitamin D?

Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin your skin makes when exposed to sunlight. It helps your body absorb calcium and phosphorus, keeping bones, teeth and muscles healthy. It also plays a role in immunity.

This article is educational. Always confirm deficiency with a blood test before self-supplementing — excess Vitamin D can cause toxicity.

Symptoms of deficiency

  • Persistent fatigue and low energy
  • Bone or lower-back pain
  • Muscle weakness or cramps
  • Frequent infections (low immunity)
  • Slow wound healing
  • Hair loss (in severe cases)
  • Depressed mood

Causes & risk factors

Deficiency is common in India despite abundant sunlight — largely because of indoor lifestyles, air pollution blocking UVB, darker skin (more melanin = less synthesis), and full-coverage clothing.

  • Limited sun exposure (indoor work, night shifts)
  • Darker skin tone — needs more UVB to make the same Vitamin D
  • Ageing — skin synthesis drops after 50
  • Obesity — Vitamin D gets sequestered in fat tissue
  • Kidney or liver disease — impairs activation
  • Strict sunscreen use

How is it diagnosed?

A 25-hydroxy Vitamin D blood test is the standard. Levels are interpreted as: <20 ng/mL = deficient, 20–30 = insufficient, 30–100 = sufficient, >100 = potentially toxic.

Treatment & supplementation

Treatment depends on severity. Mild deficiency is usually corrected with a 6–8 week course of high-dose Vitamin D3 (60,000 IU weekly), followed by a daily maintenance dose. Always follow your doctor's prescription.

Vitamin D3 60K is a prescription medicine. Upload your prescription at checkout — our pharmacist will verify it before dispatch.

References

  1. 1. ICMR-NIN — Vitamin D status in the Indian population
  2. 2. Endocrine Society — Evaluation, Treatment, and Prevention of Vitamin D Deficiency (2011)
  3. 3. AIIMS Clinical Guidelines — Bone Health